Welcome to Wildfire Resilient Landscapes

  • Home
  • About WRL
    • Mission
    • Strategic Plan
    • Organizational Structure
  • WRL Institute
    • Institute Home
    • Policy Papers
    • Policy Briefs
    • Working Papers Series
    • Research Notes
  • Programs
    • Planning and Pilot Design
    • Programs in Development
    • Future Initiatives
  • Consulting
    • Consulting Home
    • Policy Analysis
    • Environmental Planning
    • Environmental Analysis
    • Organizational Advising
    • Resilience Strategy
  • Insights
    • Commentary/ Analysis
    • Current Affairs
    • Founder
    • Blog and Field Notes
  • More
    • Home
    • About WRL
      • Mission
      • Strategic Plan
      • Organizational Structure
    • WRL Institute
      • Institute Home
      • Policy Papers
      • Policy Briefs
      • Working Papers Series
      • Research Notes
    • Programs
      • Planning and Pilot Design
      • Programs in Development
      • Future Initiatives
    • Consulting
      • Consulting Home
      • Policy Analysis
      • Environmental Planning
      • Environmental Analysis
      • Organizational Advising
      • Resilience Strategy
    • Insights
      • Commentary/ Analysis
      • Current Affairs
      • Founder
      • Blog and Field Notes
  • Home
  • About WRL
    • Mission
    • Strategic Plan
    • Organizational Structure
  • WRL Institute
    • Institute Home
    • Policy Papers
    • Policy Briefs
    • Working Papers Series
    • Research Notes
  • Programs
    • Planning and Pilot Design
    • Programs in Development
    • Future Initiatives
  • Consulting
    • Consulting Home
    • Policy Analysis
    • Environmental Planning
    • Environmental Analysis
    • Organizational Advising
    • Resilience Strategy
  • Insights
    • Commentary/ Analysis
    • Current Affairs
    • Founder
    • Blog and Field Notes

 WRL’s work is informed by research, planning frameworks, and evidence-based practice. 

Master Reference list

 Working with a purpose 

  1. Frontiers in Forests and Global Change. (2025). Post-fire reforestation in the western United States: Lessons from 30 years of recovery.
  2. ScienceDirect. (2024). Seedling survival and vegetation regrowth in burned conifer forests of California.
  3. Wired. (2022). City trees save lives: How green spaces cool neighborhoods and reduce heat-related deaths.
  4. UCLA Center for Healthy Climate Solutions. (2023). Extreme Heat and Tree Canopy Inequity in Los Angeles County
  5. The Nature Conservancy. (2021). Wildfire Resilience Funding and Community Benefits. 
  6. TreePeople. (2023). Climate Gardening 101: Building resilience through urban forestry.
  7. California Natural Resources Agency. (2023). Forest Stewardship and Climate Workforce Strategy Report.

Seed the Change  

  1. CAL FIRE. (2024). Wildfire statistics and defensible space guidelines. 
  2. Brooks, M. L., et al. (2004). Effects of Invasive Alien Plants on Fire Regimes: A BioScience Perspective 
  3. USDA Forest Service. (2022). Wildland urban interface risk analysis.
  4. Quinn, R. D. (1994). Fire ecology of a native California grassland. Journal of Range Management.



 

  1. Bennett, B. J., Hall, K. D., Hu, F. B., McCartney, A. L., & Roberto, C. (2015). Nutrition and the science of disease prevention: A systems approach to support metabolic health. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1352(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.12945
  2. California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection. (2023). California wildfire and forest resilience action plan. https://wildfiretaskforce.org/action-plan/
  3. Carlson, A. R., Hawbaker, T. J., Mockrin, M. H., Radeloff, V. C., Bair, L. S., Caggiano, M. D., Meldrum, J. R., Alexandre, P. M., Kramer, H. A., & Steblein, P. F. (2025). Rising rates of wildfire building destruction in the conterminous United States. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 122(51), e2505886122. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2505886122
  4. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022). Chronic disease indicators. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://www.cdc.gov/cdi
  5. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023). National diabetes statistics report. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/data/statistics-report
  6. Dennett, J. M., Soltas, E. J., Goda, G. S., Thornhill, T. A., Werner, K., & Gonsalves, G. S. (2025). Enduring outcomes of COVID-19 work absences on the U.S. labor market. JAMA Network Open, 8(10), e2536635. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.36635
  7. Federal Emergency Management Agency. (2025). National Disaster Recovery Framework. U.S. Department of Homeland Security. https://www.fema.gov/emergency-managers/national-preparedness/frameworks/recovery
  8. Grossi, G., & Argento, D. (2022). The fate of accounting for public governance development. Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, 35(9), 272–303. https://doi.org/10.1108/AAAJ-11-2020-5001
  9. Hartman, M., Martin, A. B., Lassman, D., & Catlin, A. (2026). National health care spending increased 7.2 percent in 2024 as utilization remained elevated. Health Affairs (Millwood, Va.). https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2025.01683
  10. Hu, M., Le, M. H., Yeo, Y. H., et al. (2025). Diabetes prevalence and management patterns in U.S. adults, 2001–2023. Acta Diabetologica, 62, 2159–2170. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00592-025-02572-6
  11. Huang, X., Li, Y., Zhang, Z., & Chen, J. (2025). [Article title as shown in your PDF]. Reliability Engineering & System Safety. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ress.2024.109620
  12. National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. (2022). Insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. https://www.niddk.nih.gov
  13. U.S. Forest Service. (2022). The rising cost of wildfire operations: Effects on the Forest Service budget. U.S. Department of Agriculture. https://www.fs.usda.gov
  14. Yu, J., & Chaturvedi, E. (2025). California’s wildfire crisis and the future of planetary resilience. In A. Cilento, F. Penna, G. Antonelli, & E. Chaturvedi (Eds.), Planetary health: Laws, policies and science on the “One Health” approach (pp. 81–109). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-90621-3_6

 


 Navigating Revenue Diversification: Balancing Financial Sustainability and Mission Alignment in Small Environmental Nonprofits 

  1. Berrett, J. L., & Holliday, B. S. (2018). The Effect of Revenue Diversification on Output Creation in Nonprofit Organizations: A Resource Dependence Perspective. Voluntas (Manchester, England), 29(6), 1190–1201. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11266-018-00049-5
  2. Bruder, I. M. (2025). From Mission Drift to Practice Drift: Theorizing drift processes in social enterprises and beyond. Organization Studies, 46(3), 385–407. https://doi.org/10.1177/01708406251314591
  3. Bryson, J. M., & George, B. (2024). Strategic planning for public and nonprofit organizations (5th ed.). Wiley.
  4. Chikoto, G. L., & Neely, D. G. (2014). Building Nonprofit Financial Capacity: The Impact of Revenue Concentration and Overhead Costs. Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, 43(3), 570–588. https://doi.org/10.1177/0899764012474120
  5. Choi, S. Y. (2025). How Does Nonprofit Revenue Diversification Affect Revenue Volatility Before, During, and After External Economic Crisis? Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly. https://doi.org/10.1177/08997640251316487
  6. EPA. (2023). Climate change indicators in the United States. https://www.epa.gov/climate-indicators
  7. Goldberg, L. (2018). Capacity Building for Collaboration: A Case Study on Building and Sustaining Landscape-Scale Stewardship Networks in the 21st Century. California Landscape Stewardship Network.
  8. Hung, C., & Hager, M. A. (2019). The Impact of Revenue Diversification on Nonprofit Financial Health: A Meta-analysis. Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, 48(1), 5–27. https://doi.org/10.1177/0899764018807080
  9. Independent Sector. (2024). Health of the U.S. nonprofit sector annual report. https://independentsector.org
  10. Irvin, R. A., & Furneaux, C. W. (2022). Surviving the Black Swan Event: How Much Reserves Should Nonprofit Organizations Hold? Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, 51(5), 943–966. https://doi.org/10.1177/08997640211057405
  11. IPCC. (2023). Sixth assessment report: Climate change 2023. https://www.ipcc.ch
  12. Mayer, W. J., Wang, H., Egginton, J. F., & Flint, H. S. (2014). The Impact of Revenue Diversification on Expected Revenue and Volatility for Nonprofit Organizations. Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, 43(2), 374–392. https://doi.org/10.1177/0899764012464696
  13. National Council of Nonprofits. (2023). Nonprofit impact matters: How America’s charitable nonprofits strengthen communities and improve lives. https://www.councilofnonprofits.org
  14. National Philanthropic Trust. (2023). 2023 Donor-Advised Fund report. https://www.nptrust.org
  15. Nonprofit Finance Fund. (2022). State of the nonprofit sector survey. https://nff.org
  16. Nordin, N., Khatibi, A., & Azam, S. M. F. (2024). Nonprofit capacity and social performance: mapping the field and future directions. Management Review Quarterly, 74(1), 171–225. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11301-022-00297-2
  17. Searing, E. A. M., Wiley, K. K., & Young, S. L. (2021). Resiliency tactics during financial crisis: The nonprofit resiliency framework. Nonprofit Management & Leadership, 32(2), 179–196. https://doi.org/10.1002/nml.21478
  18. Searing, E. A. M., & St. Clair, T. (2025). Nonprofit Revenue Portfolios and Exposure to Business Cycle Risk. Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly. https://doi.org/10.1177/08997640251317639
  19. Sledge, D., & Thomas, H. F. (2019). From Disaster Response to Community Recovery: Nongovernmental Entities, Government, and Public Health. American Journal of Public Health (1971), 109(3), 437–444. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2018.304895
  20. Sloan, E., Hajjar, R., & Davis, E. J. (2025). Equity in resilience: a case study of community resilience to wildfire in southwestern Oregon, United States. Ecology and Society, 30(1), Article art20. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-15862-300120
  21. Throwe Environmental, LLC. ​ (2020). Bourne, MA Coastal Resilience Financing Assessment. ​ Southeast New England Program (SNEP) Network. ​ 
  22. TreePeople. (n.d.). Urban forestry programs. https://www.treepeople.org
  23. Walk, M., Curley, C., & Levine Daniel, J. (2022). Competition is on the rise: To what extent does traditional fundraising performance research apply in competitive environments? Nonprofit Management & Leadership, 32(4), 651–667. https://doi.org/10.1002/nml.21500
  24. Wild Farm Alliance. (n.d.). Habitat on the farm. https://www.wildfarmalliance.org
  25. Young, D. R. (2022). Resilience and the management of nonprofit organizations: a new paradigm /. Edward Elgar Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781800889736


  

  1. Avolio, M., Pataki, D. E., Jenerette, G. D., Pincetl, S., Clarke, L. W., Cavender-Bares, J., Gillespie, T. W., Hobbie, S. E., Larson, K. L., McCarthy, H. R., & Trammell, T. L. E. (2020). Urban plant diversity in Los Angeles, California: Species and functional type turnover in cultivated landscapes. Plants, People, Planet, 2(2), 144–156. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp3.10067
  2. Baldwin, E., Greenstein, B., Kiessner, C., Negrete, F., Dawson, I., Enkhbold, M., Santana, D., & Vagramov, S. (2023). Evaluating the effectiveness of advancing urban forest equity via the City of Los Angeles’ Tree Ambassador/Promotor Forestal Program. UCLA Institute of the Environment and Sustainability. https://www.ioes.ucla.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/UCLA-IoES-Practicum-City-Plants-Urban-Forest-Equity-Final-Report-2023.pdf 
  3. Barrell, J. (2026). Tree canopy cover assessment for urban planning: Towards an international model for improving climate adaptation and nature recovery decisions. Arboricultural Journal, 48(1), 4–20. https://doi.org/10.1080/03071375.2025.2611667
  4. Bennett, B. J., Hall, K. D., Hu, F. B., McCartney, A. L., & Roberto, C. (2015). Nutrition and the science of disease prevention: A systems approach to support metabolic health. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1352(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.12945
  5. Breger, B. S., Eisenman, T. S., Kremer, M. E., Roman, L. A., Martin, D. G., & Rogan, J. (2019). Urban tree survival and stewardship in a state-managed planting initiative: A case study in Holyoke, Massachusetts. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 43, 126382. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2019.126382
  6. BROOKS, M. L., D’ANTONIO, C. M., RICHARDSON, D. M., GRACE, J. B., KEELEY, J. E., DiTOMASO, J. M., HOBBS, R. J., PELLANT, M., & PYKE, D. (2004). Effects of Invasive Alien Plants on Fire Regimes. BioScience, 54(7), 677–688. https://doi.org/10.1641/0006-3568(2004)054[0677:EOIAPO]2.0.CO;2 
  7. California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection. (2023). California wildfire and forest resilience action plan. https://wildfiretaskforce.org/action-plan/
  8. California Natural Resources Agency. (n.d.). California Natural Resources Agency. https://resources.ca.gov/
  9. Carlson, A. R., Hawbaker, T. J., Mockrin, M. H., Radeloff, V. C., Bair, L. S., Caggiano, M. D., Meldrum, J. R., Alexandre, P. M., Kramer, H. A., & Steblein, P. F. (2025). Rising rates of wildfire building destruction in the conterminous United States. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 122(51), e2505886122. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2505886122
  10. Chen, K., Newman, A. J., Huang, M., Coon, C., Darrow, L. A., Strickland, M. J., & Holmes, H. A. (2022). Estimating heat-related exposures and urban heat island impacts: A case study for the 2012 Chicago heatwave. GeoHealth, 6(1), e2021GH000535. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GH000535
  11. City of Los Angeles Bureau of Street Services. (n.d.). Trees and landscaping policies and guidelines. https://streets.lacity.gov/resources/policies-and-guidelines 
  12. Coffield, S. R., Vo, C. D., Wang, J. A., Badgley, G., Goulden, M. L., Cullenward, D., Anderegg, W. R. L., & Randerson, J. T. (2022). Using remote sensing to quantify the additional climate benefits of California forest carbon offset projects. Global Change Biology, 28, 6789–6806. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16380
  13. Dennett, J. M., Soltas, E. J., Goda, G. S., Thornhill, T. A., Werner, K., & Gonsalves, G. S. (2025). Enduring outcomes of COVID-19 work absences on the U.S. labor market. JAMA Network Open, 8(10), e2536635. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.36635
  14. Dickson-Hoyle, S., Santana, F. N., Szostak, C., et al. (2026). Wildfire research and mental health: Impacts, reflections, and a call to action. Fire Ecology, 22, 20. https://doi.org/10.1186/s42408-025-00434-8
  15. Falxa-Raymond, N., Svendsen, E., & Campbell, L. K. (2013). From job training to green jobs: A case study of a young adult employment program centered on environmental restoration in New York City, USA. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 12(3), 287–295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2013.04.003
  16. Federal Emergency Management Agency. (2025). National disaster recovery framework.U.S. Department of Homeland Security. https://www.fema.gov/emergency-managers/national-preparedness/frameworks/recovery
  17. Galatowitsch, S. (2023). Organizational capacity and ecological restoration. Restoration Ecology, 31(1). https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.13757
  18. Grossi, G., & Argento, D. (2022). The fate of accounting for public governance development. Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, 35(9), 272–303. https://doi.org/10.1108/AAAJ-11-2020-5001
  19. Grigg, N. S. (2025). Urban infrastructure policy to adapt to technological and social change. Urban Science, 9(9), 350. https://doi.org/10.3390/urbansci9090350
  20. Hanson, D. J. (2026). Systems, Efficiency, and Democratic Capacity: Why America’s Health, Climate, and Infrastructure Crises Share a Common Root. Wildfire Resilient Landscapes Institute.
  21. Hanson, D. J. (2026). The Efficiency Gap: A Systems Diagnosis of Declining Recovery Capacity Across Health, Land, and Public Institutions. Wildfire Resilient Landscapes Institute. https://wildfireresilientlandscapes.org/the-efficeincy-gap 
  22. Hanson, D. J. (2026). Urban Tree Renewal for Resilience (UTRR): A Systems Framework for California. Wildfire Resilient Landscapes Institute. https://wildfireresilientlandscapes.org/utrr 
  23. Hardaway, K. C., Christ, S. L., & Hardiman, B. S. (2025). Testing relationships of urban tree canopy and the built environment with temperature and human health in U.S. cities. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 114, 129157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2025.129157
  24. Hilbert, D., Roman, L., Koeser, A., Vogt, J., & van Doorn, N. (2019). Urban tree mortality: A literature review. Arboriculture & Urban Forestry, 45(5). https://doi.org/10.48044/jauf.2019.015
  25. Holzman-Gazit, Y., & Kaplinsky, E. S. (2026). Urban forest regulations and incentives for preserving trees on private land: A legal perspective. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 117, 129281. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2026.129281
  26. Huang, X., Li, Y., Zhang, Z., & Chen, J. (2025). Resilience engineering and long-term infrastructure system performance. Reliability Engineering & System Safety. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ress.2024.109620
  27. Hu, Y., Wang, C., & Li, J. (2023). Assessment of Heat Mitigation Services Provided by Blue and Green Spaces: An Application of the InVEST Urban Cooling Model with Scenario Analysis in Wuhan, China. Land (Basel), 12(5), 963. https://doi.org/10.3390/land12050963 
  28. Ibebuchi, C. C., & Nyamekye, C. (2026). Urban heat and cooling demand: Tree canopy targets for equitable energy planning in Baltimore. Urban Science, 10(1), 61. https://doi.org/10.3390/urbansci10010061
  29. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. (2023). Climate change 2023: AR6 synthesis report. https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/syr/
  30. Jerrett, M., Connolly, R., Garcia-Gonzales, D. A., Bekker, C., Nguyen, J. T., Su, J., Li, Y., & Marlier, M. E. (2024). Climate change and public health in California: A structured review of exposures, vulnerable populations, and adaptation measures. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 121(32), e2310081121. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2310081121
  31. Johnstone, J. F., Allen, C. D., Franklin, J. F., et al. (2016). Changing disturbance regimes, ecological memory, and forest resilience. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 14(7), 369–378. https://doi.org/10.1002/fee.1311
  32. Kolden, C. A., & Henson, C. (2019). A socio-ecological approach to mitigating wildfire vulnerability in the wildland-urban interface: A case study from the 2017 Thomas Fire. Fire, 2(1), 9. https://doi.org/10.3390/fire2010009
  33. Locke, D. H., Hall, B., Grove, J. M., Pickett, S. T. A., Ogden, L. A., Aoki, C., Boone, C. G., & O’Neil-Dunne, J. P. M. (2021). Residential housing segregation and urban tree canopy in 37 U.S. cities. npj Urban Sustainability, 1, Article 15. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42949-021-00022-0
  34. Mailloux, B. J., McGillis, C., Maenza-Gmelch, T., et al. (2024). Large-scale determinants of street tree growth rates across an urban environment. PLOS ONE, 19(7), e0304447. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0304447
  35. McDonough, R. P., & Yan, C. J. (2024). Maintaining maintenance: The real effects of financial reporting for infrastructure. Contemporary Accounting Research, 41, 1952–1985. https://doi.org/10.1111/1911-3846.12970
  36. Nowak, D. J., & Greenfield, E. J. (2018). Declining urban and community tree cover in the United States. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 32, 32–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2018.03.006
  37. Ordóñez, C., Grant, A., Millward, A. A., Steenberg, J., & Sabetski, V. (2019). Developing performance indicators for nature-based solution projects in urban areas: The case of trees in revitalized commercial spaces. Cities and the Environment (CATE), 12(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.15365/1932-7048.1250 
  38. Ordóñez, C., Kendal, D., Threlfall, C. G., et al. (2020). How urban forest managers evaluate management and governance challenges in their decision-making. Forests, 11(9), 963. https://doi.org/10.3390/f11090963
  39. Pearlmutter, D., Calfapietra, C., Samson, R., et al. (Eds.). (2017). The urban forest: Cultivating green infrastructure for people and the environment. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50280-9
  40. Petri, A. C., Koeser, A. K., Lovell, S. T., & Ingram, D. (2016). How green are trees? Using life cycle assessment methods to assess net environmental benefits. Journal of Environmental Horticulture, 34(4), 101–110. https://doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-34.4.101
  41. Pokhrel, S., Parajuli, R., Christensen, B., Wiseman, P. E., & Chizmar, S. (2025). Carbon-related opportunities in urban and community forestry: Perspectives of non-profit organizations and public agencies in California, USA. Journal of Forestry, 123, 445–465. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44392-025-00035-y
  42. Puleo, D., Sinagra, M., Picone, C., & Tucciarelli, T. (2025). Criticality assessment of pipes in water distribution networks based on the minimum pressure criterion. Water, 17(22), 3185. https://doi.org/10.3390/w17223185
  43. Roman, L. A., & Scatena, F. N. (2011). Street tree survival rates: Meta-analysis of previous studies and application to a field survey in Philadelphia, PA, USA. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 10(4), 269–274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2011.05.008
  44. Shang, B., Singh, R. K., Cao, Y., & Li, T. (2026). Human–Environment Interactions in GeoHealth: Addressing Terrestrial Ecosystem Health, Land Degradation, and Carbon Management. Geohealth, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GH001718 
  45. Shi, L. (2020). Beyond flood risk reduction: How can green infrastructure advance both social justice and regional impact? Socio-Ecological Practice Research, 2(4), 311–320. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42532-020-00065-0
  46. Stuhlmacher, M., Williams, D., Impellizeri, C., & Curran, W. (2025). Bridging the land use gap: Examining tree canopy cover and connectivity by land use in 10 U.S. cities. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 104, Article 128626. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2024.128626 
  47. Simmons, B. L., & Auyeung, D. S. N. (2017). MillionTreesNYC: citywide survivorship assessment. City of New York Department of Parks & Recreation. https://www.nycgovparks.org/pagefiles/208/MillionTreesNYC-Report-Final__681a2a80851fe.pdf 
  48. TNC, 2021: Economic Assessment of Heat in the Phoenix Metro Area [deBoer, A. Schwimmer, E, McGregor, A. Adibi, S. Kapoor, A. Duong, S. Love, J. Bonham-Carter, C. Lindquist, J.] In Phoenix, AZ. https://www.nature.org/content/dam/tnc/nature/en/documents/TNC_EcoHeatAssement_AZ_Report.pdf 
  49. Tyler, S., & Moench, M. (2012). A framework for urban climate resilience. Climate and Development, 4(4), 311–326. https://doi.org/10.1080/17565529.2012.745389
  50. U.S. Forest Service. (2022). The rising cost of wildfire operations: Effects on the Forest Service budget.U.S. Department of Agriculture.
  51. Wang, Y.-C., Shen, J.-K., & Xiang, W.-N. (2018). Ecosystem service of green infrastructure for adaptation to urban growth: function and configuration. Ecosystem Health and Sustainability, 4(5), 132–143. https://doi.org/10.1080/20964129.2018.1474721 
  52. Westside Regional Alliance of Councils. (2017). Tree removals and the sidewalk repair program’s environmental impact report: Motion proposed by Bel Air–Beverly Crest Neighborhood Council. https://westsidecouncils.com/motion/tree-removals-sidewalk-repair-programs-environmental-impact-report/ 
  53. Wojnowska-Heciak, M., Balcerzak, O., & Heciak, J. (2025). Multi-criteria analysis of walkable surface configurations for healthy urban trees. Sustainability, 17(13), 6195. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17136195
  54. Wortley, L., Hero, J.-M., & Howes, M. (2013). Evaluating ecological restoration success: A review of the literature. Restoration Ecology, 21(5), 537–543. https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.12028
  55. Yu, J., & Chaturvedi, E. (2025). California’s wildfire crisis and the future of planetary resilience. In A. Cilento et al. (Eds.), Planetary health: Laws, policies and science on the One Health approach (pp. 81–109). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-90621-3_6



Copyright © 2026 Wildfire Resilient Landscapes - All Rights Reserved.

Powered by

  • Home
  • Mission
  • Organizational Structure
  • Policy Papers
  • Consulting Home

This website uses cookies.

We use cookies to analyze website traffic and optimize your website experience. By accepting our use of cookies, your data will be aggregated with all other user data.

Accept